Pulsed DC regulated power supply

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The DC power supply is a device that converts an alternating current (AC) power source into a direct current (DC) power source. It is used to provide a stable DC voltage for powering various electronic circuits. The DC power supply can provide both constant voltage and constant current. It is used in a variety of applications, such as powering computers, electronic test equipment, and industrial processes. It can also be used to charge batteries, power motors, and other applications.

I. Basic principle of periodic reversing pulse electroplating

Pulsed DC voltage regulated power supply. In the process of pulsed electroplating, when the current is switched on, the electrochemical polarization increases, metal ions near the cathode region are fully deposited, and the coating is fine and bright. When the current is turned off, the discharge ions near the cathode region return to the initial concentration, and the concentration polarization is eliminated.

Periodic reversing pulse electroplating habit is called double (that is, two-way) pulse electroplating, it is in the output of a group of forward pulse current after the introduction of a group of reverse pulse current, positive pulse duration is long reverse pulse duration is short, large, short time reverse pulse caused by the highly uneven anode current distribution will make the coating convex is strongly dissolved and flattened. The typical periodic reversing pulse waveform is shown below.

Two, the advantages of periodic reversing pulse plating

1, the reverse pulse current improves the thickness distribution of the coating, the coating thickness is uniform and the leveling property is good.

2, the anode dissolution of the reverse pulse makes the metal ion concentration on the cathode surface rise quickly, which is conducive to the use of high pulse current density in the subsequent cathode cycle, and the high pulse current density makes the formation rate of the crystal nucleus greater than the crystal growth rate, so the coating is dense, bright, low porosity.

3. The anode stripping of reverse pulse greatly reduces the attachment of organic impurities (including brightener) in the coating, so the coating has high purity and strong resistance to discoloration, which is especially prominent in cyanide silver plating.

4. The reverse pulse current oxidizes the hydrogen included in the coating, so that hydrogen embritzability can be eliminated (for example, the reverse pulse can remove the co-deposited hydrogen when electrodepositing palladium) or reduce the internal stress.

5, the periodic reverse pulse current makes the surface of the plating always in the activated state, so that good binding force coating can be obtained.

6, the reverse pulse is conducive to thinning the actual thickness of the diffusion layer and improving the cathode current efficiency, so the appropriate pulse parameters will further accelerate the deposition speed of the coating.

7. In the plating system where additives are not allowed or a small amount of additives are allowed, the double pulse plating can obtain fine, smooth and smooth coating.

Therefore, the coating temperature resistance, wear resistance, welding, toughness, anticorrosion, conductivity, resistance to discoloration, finish and other performance indicators are increased exponentially, and can greatly save precious metals (about 20%-50%), save additives (such as bright cyanide silver plating about 50%-80%).